This life-threatening neurological disorder is usually caused by an adverse reaction to anti-psychotic, or neuroleptic drugs.

This neurological syndrome is caused by long-term use of neuroleptic drugs.

This brief NINDS document covers the basics of back pain. For more information, also see “Low Back Pain Information”.

Do you ever feel sleepy or “zone out” during the day? Do you find it hard to wake up on Monday mornings? If so, you are familiar with the powerful need for sleep. However, you may not realize that sleep is as essential for your well-being as food and water.

Hypersomnia is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness or prolonged sleep at night and may lead sufferers to nap repeatedly during the day, even during a meal or a conversation.

The first portion of our fact sheet expands on the information available about narcolepsy in the separate document on brain basics (see “Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep”), focusing on symptoms and causes of narcolepsy. The latter part covers diagnosis, treatment, and coping strategies.

Back pain ranks second only to headache as one of the most common neurological ailments; also see “What to Do When Your Back is in Pain”.

Pain has become the universal disorder, a serious and costly public health issue, and a challenge for family, friends, and health care providers who must give support to the individual suffering from the physical as well as the emotional consequences of pain.